The Effect of Sale-and-Purchase Financing and Profit-Sharing Financing on the Return on Assets (ROA) at Sharia Commercial Banks for the 2023–2024 Period
Keywords:
Murabahah, Istisna, Mudharabah, Musyarakah, ROAAbstract
This research is inspiredby the importance of improving the profitability of Sharia Commercial Banks amid rapid industry growth, yet they still face challenges in financial performance. The pupose of this research is to examine the impact of sale-purchase financing and profit-sharing financing on profitability levels, which is calculated using Return on Assets (ROA). The variables used include murabahah, istisna, mudharabah, and musyarakah financing as independent variables. This research adopts a quantitative method using by applying panel data regression analysis. The data utilized comprises secondary data presented as quarterly financial statements from Sharia Commercial Banks for the 2023–2024 period, obtained from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the respective banks’ publications. The analytical model employed is the Fixed Effects Model, following model determination tests along with classical assumption testing. The results indicate that, individually, murabahah, istisna, and musyarakah financing do not have a significant effect on ROA. Murabahah and musyarakah financing exhibit a negative relationship, while istisna shows a positive relationship. Meanwhile, mudharabah financing exwrts a favorable and statistically substantial influence on ROA. Simultaneously, all types of financing variables have a stastically significant impact on profitability. The adjusted coefficient of determination (Adjusted R²) value of 90.4% demonstrates that the variations in ROA are accounted for by these four financing variables, whereas the remaining is impacted by additional factors not included in the study by the model. The conclusion of this study is that profit-sharing-based financing, particularly mudharabah, makes a significant role in improving Islamic banks’ profitability, whereas other financing methods have not yet demonstrated a significant individual impact. Hence, Islamic banks are required to optimize the management of profit-sharing-based financing to improve financial performance.
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